Active time, recorded by wearable devices, refers to the duration spent engaging in physical activities like walking, running, or exercising. It tracks movement intensity and duration to assess physical activity levels. Being active has multiple health benefits.
Age is the number of years that have passed since they were born. Each year after birth is counted as one more year of age. As people get older, the risk of injury and chronic diseases increases, especially if they have factors like malnutrition, serious injuries during youth, or hereditary conditions.
A Body Shape Index (ABSI) is a calculated value that considers waist circumference in relation to BMI and height, helping to assess body shape. It is another indicator used to assist in understanding the risk of chronic diseases, for example diabetes.
Breathing rate is the total breaths taken per minute, and best measured at rest (when in a relaxed state). Irregular breathing rates could signal health concerns.
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a way to see if someone is overweight by comparing their weight to their height. The more overweight (physical fat storage, not muscle), the higher the risk for chronic diseases. It is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared.
Calculated waist circumference is the calculated estimate measurement of waist size, in centimetres. The calculation considers age, gender at birth, height and weight.
The calculated waist circumference is not an actual measurement, but is a calculated estimate that uses specific information, such as their age, gender at birth, height, and weight. Optimal ranges differs between males and females, and per ethnicity and nationality.
Calories Burned is the number of calories a body uses (burns into energy) during a day.
Cardiac Workload is a calculated value using pulse rate and Systolic Blood Pressure. It shows how much stress your heart muscles are under.
Heart muscles can become stressed, which can be harmful. The Cardiac Workload, calculated by multiplying the pulse rate by Systolic Blood Pressure, is most accurate when taken at rest. It's normal for Cardiac Workload to rise during exercise but should return to normal afterward.
The Cardiovascular Disease Risk score represents the likelihood (in percentage) to experience cardiovascular problems such as a heart attack, stroke, or peripheral artery disease in the next 10 years.
The Cardiovascular Disease Risk was developed based on insights from the Framingham method and multiple studies that focused on cardiovascular state of health over a period of 10 years. The score considers gender at birth, Body Mass Index, Systolic Blood Pressure, smoking and diabetes status, and antihypertensive medication use.
The second number in your blood pressure reading is called diastolic. It shows how much pressure the blood vessels have when the heart is resting between beats.
In this context, gender refers to their biological attributes at birth, including chromosomes, hormones, and reproductive organs, which are typically categorised as male or female. Some health metrics may be calculated differently and have different optimal ranges based on these common biological differences between males and females.
The GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder-7) survey has 7 questions and is used to gauge how severe anxiety symptoms are. It can be used at the start to assess symptoms or over time to track changes or the effectiveness of treatment. The questions mainly cover the top 4 anxiety disorders: Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Social Phobia, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.
Glucose level testing measures the amount of sugar in your blood with a small drop of blood, often from your finger. For a fasting test, you do it in the morning after not eating or drinking for 8 hours.
Glucose level testing checks the amount of sugar in your blood using just a tiny drop of blood, often taken from your finger. You can do this test at any time during the day.
HbA1c, or glycated haemoglobin, shows how much glucose is attached to haemoglobin in your blood. The result, measured as a percentage, tells you the percentage of glucose in your blood.
HbA1c, or glycated haemoglobin, is a measure of glucose attached to haemoglobin in your blood. The result, given in mMol (millimoles per Liter), shows the concentration of glucose in your blood.
The Heart Attack Risk score indicates the chance, given as a percentage, of experiencing a heart attack in the next 10 years.
The Heart Attack Risk score was developed based on insights from the Framingham method and multiple studies that focused on cardiovascular state of health over a period of 10 years. The score considers gender at birth, Body Mass Index, Systolic Blood Pressure, smoking and diabetes status, and antihypertensive medication use.
Heart rate refers to the speed at which a heart beats, measured in beats-per-minute (bpm).
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) refers to how the time (in milliseconds) between each heartbeat fluctuates. It is normal for the rate to become slower as one ages, and is impacted by many factors, such as stress and anxiety.
The Mental Stress Index is based on the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) which measures the fluctuations between consecutive heartbeats. This index is an indication of mental stress.
The Mental Wellbeing score is mainly based on the Mental Stress Index but also considers other results such as age, biological gender at birth when calculating overall mental health.
The Mental Wellbeing score is closely linked to the mental stress index. Ideally, one should avoid stressful situations that cause the index to exceed 5. It's common for the mental stress index to rise during physical activities like playing sports.
The PHQ-4 (Patient Health Questionnaire-4) is a screening tool, not a diagnostic tool, that focuses on two aspects of mental health: depression (PHQ-2) and anxiety (GAD-2), using just 4 questions. Its purpose is to see if common symptoms related to these issues are present, which could warrant further evaluation with longer questionnaires like the PHQ-9 or GAD-7, or treatment.
The PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) is a screening tool used by doctors to assess depression symptoms, grade their severity, and monitor them over time. High PHQ-9 scores have been linked to decreased function and more problems related to symptoms, like taking more sick leave.
The period of sleep as recorded by a wearable device or fitness app.
Smoking status indicates whether a person currently smokes, used to smoke (ex-smoker), or doesn't smoke (non-smoker). Smoking involves using tobacco products and greatly increases the risk of chronic diseases. It can harm all organs in the body.
Step count is the number of steps a person takes as they move around, measured by a fitness app or device over a period of time.
This indicator measures how much time passes between each heartbeat, which is called heart rate variability (HRV). It helps us understand how stressed a person might be. Higher stress levels tend to result in less variability between heartbeats.
The Stroke Risk score indicates the chance, given as a percentage, of experiencing a stroke in the next 10 years.
The Stroke Risk score was developed based on insights from the Framingham method and multiple studies that focused on cardiovascular state of health over a period of 10 years. The score considers gender at birth, Body Mass Index, Systolic Blood Pressure, smoking and diabetes status, and antihypertensive medication use.
SPO2 measures how much oxygen is carried by your red blood cells and can be checked using a wearable device.
Systolic blood pressure is the peak pressure in your brachial arteries during the contraction of your heart muscle, measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg).
Total cholesterol is the total amount of different types of cholesterol in your blood. These include HDL (the 'good' cholesterol), LDL (the 'bad' cholesterol), and triglycerides.
Vascular Capacity measures how flexible your blood vessels are, which can indicate how healthy the heart and blood vessels are when measured while resting.
VO2Max measures how much oxygen your body can use during exercise, showing how fit you are. Wearable devices can measure it for you.
Waist-to-Height Ratio is a measure of the waist size compared to height. It's used to check for obesity by dividing height by waist size.
Measurement of the circumference of your waist, just above your belly button, in centimetres. This measurement gives us insight into the amount of fat stored around your middle, including the fat that surrounds your organs.